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Perennial crops have been the focus of bioenergy research and development for their sustainability benefits associated with high soil carbon (C) and reduced nitrogen (N) requirements. However, perennial crops mature over several years and their sustainability benefits can be negated through land reversion. A photoperiod‐sensitive energy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) may provide an annual crop alternative more ecologically sustainable than maize (Zea mays) that can more easily integrate into crop rotations than perennials, such as miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus). This study presents an ecosystem‐scale comparison of C, N, water and energy fluxes from energy sorghum, maize and miscanthus during a typical growing season in the Midwest United States. Gross primary productivity (GPP) was highest for maize during the peak growing season at 21.83 g C m−2 day−1, followed by energy sorghum (17.04 g C m−2 day−1) and miscanthus (15.57 g C m−2 day−1). Maize also had the highest peak growing season evapotranspiration at 5.39 mm day−1, with energy sorghum and miscanthus at 3.81 and 3.61 mm day−1, respectively. Energy sorghum was the most efficient water user (WUE), while maize and miscanthus were comparatively similar (3.04, 1.75 and 1.89 g C mm−1 H2O, respectively). Maize albedo was lower than energy sorghum and miscanthus (0.19, 0.26 and 0.24, respectively), but energy sorghum had a Bowen ratio closer to maize than miscanthus (0.12, 0.13 and 0.21, respectively). Nitrous oxide (N2O) flux was higher from maize and energy sorghum (8.86 and 12.04 kg N ha−1, respectively) compared with miscanthus (0.51 kg N ha−1), indicative of their different agronomic management. These results are an important first look at how energy sorghum compares to maize and miscanthus grown in the Midwest United States. This quantitative assessment is a critical component for calibrating biogeochemical and ecological models used to forecast bioenergy crop growth, productivity and sustainability.

Raw data of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) species presence and abundance from samples collected as part of Morgan Brown's M.S. thesis entitled "Investigating changes in Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) communities in Illinois prairies over 25 years." Collection_Events_MBrown.pdf contains information that corresponds to each collection event code listed in the raw data files, including coordinates, date of collection, collection method, and name of collector. Each CSV file contains Auchenorrhyncha species presence and abundance data from each sampling area in Illinois: Route 45 Railroad Prairie, Richardson Wildlife Foundation, Mason County nature preserves, and Twelve Mile Prairie. Variables included in the CSV files include: Family: Taxonomic family to which each species belongs Subfamily: Taxonomic subfamily to which each species belongs Tribe: Taxonomic tribe to which each species belongs Species: Lowest taxonomic level to which individuals were identified The first row of column 5 to the end are collection event codes which correspond to each code listed in the PDF * New in V2: The CSV files originally uploaded in V1 contained outdated species names. V2 provides updated CSV files with the corrected names. * New in V3: There were some inconsistencies in the collection event codes listed in the PDF and CSV files uploaded in V1 and V2. V3 provides updated PDF and CSV files with the corrected codes. File update status: Collection_Events_MBrown_V2.pdf -> updated in this V3 (in V2 it remained the same as in V1 but now is updated in V3) MasonCounty_RawData_V3.csv -> updated in this V3 RichardsonWildlifeFoundation_RawData_V2.csv -> remains the same as in V2 Route45_RawData_V3.csv -> updated in this V3 TwelveMilePrairie_RawData_V3.csv -> updated in this V3

This is a general description of the datasets included in this upload; details of each dataset can be found in the individual README.txt in each compressed folder. We have: 1. ROSE-HF.tar.gz 2. ROSE-LF.tar.gz HF (high fragmentary): 50% of the sequences are made fragmentary, which have average lengths of 25% of the original lengths with a standard deviation of 60 bp. LF (low fragmentary): 25% of the sequences are made fragmentary, which have average lengths of 50% of the original lengths with a standard deviation of 60 bp. The seven ROSE datasets made fragmentary are: 1000L1, 1000L3, 1000L4, 1000M3, 1000S1, 1000S2 and 1000S4. "ROSE-HF.tar.gz" contains HF versions of the seven ROSE datasets. "ROSE-LF.tar.gz" contains LF versions of the seven ROSE datasets.

Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data from 643 Miscanthus accessions from a diversity panel, including 613 Miscanthus sacchariflorus, three M. sinensis, and 27 M. xgiganteus. DNA was digested with PstI and MspI, and single-end Illumina sequencing was performed adjacent to the PstI site. Variant and genotype calling was performed with TASSEL-GBSv2, using the Miscanthus sinensis v7.1 reference genome from Phytozome 12 (https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov). Additional ploidy-aware genotype calling was performed by polyRAD v1.1.

Data are from a long-term fire manipulation experiment in the Missouri Ozarks, USA. Data include the raw, annual ring-width increment (rwl), basal area increment (BAI), population-level annual growth resistance (Drs) and resilience (Drl) to drought, intrinsic water use efficiency values (WUEi) and oxygen isotopic composition of individual radial growth rings (δ18O) from southern red oak (Quercus falcata) and post oak (Q. stellata) trees. ---------------------- TITLE: Data for "Sixty-five years of fire manipulation reveals climate and fire interact to determine growth rates of Quercus spp." ---------------------- FILE OVERVIEW: This dataset contains four (4) CSV files as described below: Refsland_et_al_ECS20-0465_BAI.csv: annual basal area increment between 1948-2015 for trees across the fire manipulation experiment Refsland_et_al_ECS20-0465_DroughtIndices.csv: population-level drought resistance and resilience of trees during each target drought period Refsland_et_al_ECS20-0465_WUEi.csv: carbon isotope indicators of drought stress for trees across the fire manipulation experiment Refsland_et_al_ECS20-0465_d18Or.csv: oxygen isotope indicators of drought stress for trees across the fire manipulation experiment ---------------------- VARIABLE EXPLANATION: All the variables in those four files are explained as below: treeID: unique character string that identifies subject tree block: integer (1, 2) that identifies the study block plot: integer (1-12) that identifies the plot nested within each study block trt: character string (Annual, Control, Periodic) that identifies the fire treatment of a given plot species: character string (Quercus falcata, Quercus stellata) that identifies species of subject tree year: integer (1948-2015) that identifies the dated year of each tree ring rwl_mm: numerical value representing the annual tree ring-width, in mm bai_cm2: numerical value representing the annual basal area increment, in cm2 timeperiod: integer value (1953, 1964, 2007, 2012) representing the periods encompassing target dry and wet years Drs_2yr: numerical value representing the drought resistance, defined as the population-level annual growth of trees during drought years relative to pre-drought years for a given time period Drl_2yr: numerical value representing the drought resilience, defined as the population-level annual growth of trees following drought years relative to pre-drought years for a given time period stand_ba_m2ha: numerical value representing the total basal area of a given plot, in m2 per ha stand_density_stems_ha: numerical value representing the total stem density of a given plot, in stems per ha pool: numerical value (1-40) identifying the set of tree ring samples pooled for analysis. Samples were pooled by block, plot, year and species period: integer value (1953, 1964, 1980, 2007, 2012) representing the periods encompassing target dry and wet years type: character string (Dry, Wet) indicating the water availability of a given year d13C: numerical value representing the carbon isotopic composition of radial growth rings within a given sample pool, in per mil WUEi: numerical value representing the annual intrinsic water use efficiency of radial growth rings within a given sample pool d18O: numerical value representing the oxygen isotopic composition of radial growth rings within a given sample pool, in per mil

Viral vectors provide an increasingly versatile platform for transformation-free reagent delivery to plants. RNA viral vectors can be used to induce gene silencing, overexpress proteins, or introduce gene editing reagents; however, they are often constrained by carrying capacity or restricted tropism in germline cells. Site-specific recombinases that catalyze precise genetic rearrangements are powerful tools for genome engineering that vary in size and, potentially, efficacy in plants. In this work, we show that viral vectors based on tobacco rattle virus (TRV) deliver and stably express four recombinases ranging in size from ∼0.6 to ∼1.5 kb and achieve simultaneous marker removal and reporter activation through targeted excision in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines. TRV vectors with Cre, FLP, CinH, and Integrase13 efficiently mediated recombination in infected somatic tissue and led to heritable modifications at high frequency. An excision-activated Ruby reporter enabled simple and high-resolution tracing of infected cell lineages without the need for molecular genotyping. Together, our experiments broaden the scope of viral recombinase delivery and offer insights into infection dynamics that may be useful in developing future viral vectors.

Data files and R code to replicate the econometric analysis in the journal article: B Chen, BM Gramig and SD Yun. “Conservation Tillage Mitigates Drought Induced Soybean Yield Losses in the US Corn Belt.” Q Open. https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoab007

These data are the result of analyses of the metagenome of North American bats, including 18s and 16s barcode genes designed to target microorganisms of the gut. These files are Phyloseq import files created by the DADA2 program. Each barcode gene is uploaded separately as the four files required to build a phyloseq object. For each barcode gene, the files include amplicon sequence variant (ASV) sequences, sequence tables (seqtab) which connect individual samples to the ASVs, tax tables (taxtab) which identify the taxa present as determined by a Bayesian RDP classifier, and rooted phylogenetic trees for the ASVs. Additionally, we have included a "sample_data" file which is necessary for sorting of samples across all four sequence analysis data sets by study and species. Some sample information which could identify the location of endangered species has been restricted. Multiple studies are represented in the data which can be accessed using standard methods in the Phyloseq program (e.g. For a study of bats, parasites, and gut microbiome dysregulation by Bennett, Suski, and OKeefe 2024 [in prep March 2024], study specific data can be accessed using the Study variable "DYSBIOMICS." File names include reference to the primer set used to generate them (18s primer sets: G3, G4, G6; 16s primer set: 341F3_806R5).

Supplementary data and code associated with the Biogeosciences paper published by Cecilia Prada et al. "Soil and Biomass Carbon Storage is Much Higher in Central American than Andean Montane Forests". There are 16 files associated with this paper (1) AGB.csv providing the site, plot, treeID, mnemn, family, agb, and AGcarbon for each tree in the dataset. Column headings are described in the file AGB_metadata.csv (2) AGB_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for AGB.csv (3) CWD_D.csv Complete information on the downed coarse woody debris (CWD) measured in each plot (4) CWD_D_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for CWD_D.csv (5) CWD_S.csv Complete information on the standing coarse woody debris measured in each plot (6) CWD_S_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for CWD_S.csv (7) SoilC.csv Estimated soil carbon storage (Mg C) at each sampling location in each plot (8) SoilC_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for SoilC.csv (9) Table.csv Data source, soil carbon value (Mg C) and elevation from published data sources (10) Table_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for Table.csv (11) TableS1.csv Data source, above ground carbon value (Mg C) and elevation from published data sources (12) TableS1_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for TableS1.csv (13) RScript.R Annotated code for data analysis and figures (14)Full_dataset.csv Full set of environmental data and carbon data by plot (15) Full_dataset_metadata.csv Metadata (column descriptions) for Full_dataset.csv (16) Species list and species codes.csv Full family, genus and species names for the species codes (column mnemn in AGB.csv)

Strategies for achieving asymmetric catalysis with azaarenes have traditionally fallen short of accomplishing remote stereocontrol, which would greatly enhance accessibility to distinct azaarenes with remote chiral centres. The primary obstacle to achieving superior enantioselectivity for remote stereocontrol has been the inherent rigidity of the azaarene ring structure. Here we introduce an ene-reductase system capable of modulating the enantioselectivity of remote carbon-centred radicals on azaarenes through a mechanism of chiral hydrogen atom transfer. This photoenzymatic process effectively directs prochiral radical centres located more than six chemical bonds, or over 6 Å, from the nitrogen atom in azaarenes, thereby enabling the production of a broad array of azaarenes possessing a remote γ-stereocentre. Results from our integrated computational and experimental investigations underscore that the hydrogen bonding and steric effects of key amino acid residues are important for achieving such high stereoselectivities.

Dataset includes maternal antigen treatment and early-life antigen treatment for male zebra finches. Also includes data on beak coloration, measures of song complexity for each male, and female responses to treated males. Male beak color and song metadata: * MATID= Maternal Identity * MATTRT=Maternal antigen treatment prior to egg laying (KLH=keyhole limpet hemocyanin, LPS= lipopolysaccharide, PBS=phosphate buffered saline) * YGTRT= Young antigen treatment post-hatch (KLH=keyhole limpet hemocyanin, LPS= lipopolysaccharide, PBS=phosphate buffered saline)) * NESTBANDNUM= Nestling band number * Haptoglobin=haptoglobin levels at day 28 (mg/ml) * Mean TE= Mean number of total elements in that male's song * TE (z)= Z-transformed total elements * Mean UE=Mean number of unique elements in the song * UE (z)= z-transformed unique elements * mean phrases= Mean number of song phrases * Phrases (z)= z-transformed song phrases * Mean D= Mean song duration in seconds * D (z)=z-transformed song duration * B2 standard=beak brightness standardized so that lower values reflect less bright beaks * B2 (z)=z-transformed brightness * S1R standard= beak saturation at high wavelengths standardized so that lower values reflect less red beaks * S1R (z)=z-transformed S1R * S1U standard= beak saturation at low wavelengths standardized so that lower values reflect less red beaks * S1U (z)=z-transformed S1U * H4B standard= beak hue standardized so that lower values reflect less red beaks * H4B (z)=z-transformed H4B Female choice metadata: * Control Bird=PBS denotes that all control males received phosphate buffered saline * Treatment Bird= Treatment the male received (keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) * Beak Wipes Control=# of beak wipes the female performed when on the control male side * Beak Wipes Treatment=# of beak wipes the female performed when on the "treatment male" side * Hops Control=# of hops female performed when on the control male side * Hops Treatment=# of hops female performed when on the treatment male side * Time Spent Near Control=amount of time (sec) female spent on the control male side * Time Spent Near Treatment=amount of time (sec) the female spent on the treatment male side

Raw gas exchange data for photosynthetic induction in 6 rice accession flag leaves. Photosynthetic induction and point measurements were made at ambient [CO2]. Two accessions (AUS 278 and IR64) were selected to screen in greater detail in which photosynthetic induction was measured at six [CO2].

Recently introduced photoperiod-sensitive (PS) biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) needs to be investigated for yield potential under different cultivation environments with reasonable nitrogen (N) inputs. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the biomass yield and feedstock quality of four sorghum hybrids with different levels of PS ranging from very PS (VPS) hybrids and to moderate PS (MPS) hybrids, and (2) determine the optimal N inputs (0~168 kg N ha−1) under four environments: combinations of both temperate (Urbana, IL) and subtropical (College Station, TX) regions during 2018 and 2019. Compared to TX, the PS sorghums in central IL showed higher yield potential and steady feedstock production with an extended day length and with less precipitation variability, especially for the VPS hybrids. The mean dry matter (DM) yields of VPS hybrids were 20.5 Mg DM ha−1 and 17.7 Mg DM ha−1 in IL and TX, respectively. The highest N use efficiency occurred at a low N rate of 56 kg N ha−1 by improving approximately 33 kg DM ha−1 per 1.0 kg N ha−1 input. Approximately 70% of the PS sorghum biomass can be utilized for biofuel production, consisting of 58-65% of the cell-wall components and 4-11% of the soluble sugar. This study demonstrated that the rainfed temperate area (e.g., IL) has a great potential for the sustainable cultivation of PS energy sorghum due to their observed high yield potential, stable production, and low N requirements.

This repository includes scripts and datasets for the paper, "Polynomial-Time Statistical Estimation of Species Trees under Gene Duplication and Loss."

This is the data used in the paper "Assessment of spatiotemporal flood risk due to compound precipitation extremes across the contiguous United States". Code from the Github repository https://github.com/adtonks/precip_extremes can be used with the data here to reproduce the paper's results. v1.0.0 of the code is also archived at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8104252 This dataset is derived from NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis V3. The NOAA-CIRES-DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project version 3 used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and used resources of NOAA's Remotely Deployed High Performance Computing Systems.

Filtered trophallaxis interactions for two honeybee colonies, each containing 800 worker bees and one queen. Each colony consists of bees that were administered a juvenile hormone analogy, a vehicle treatment, or a sham treatment to determine the effect of colony perturbation on the duration of trophallaxis interactions. Columns one and two display the unique identifiers for each bee involved in a particular trophallaxis exchange, and columns three and four display the Unix timestamp of the beginning/end of the interaction (in milliseconds), respectively.<br /><b>Note</b>: the queen interactions were omitted from the uploaded dataset for reasons that are described in submitted manuscript. Those bees that performed poorly are also omitted from the final dataset.

Data on bank elevations determined from lidar data for the Upper Sangamon River, Illinois, the Mission River, Texas, and the White River in Indiana

This repository contains the datasets and corresponding results for the paper "MAGUS: Multiple Sequence Alignment using Graph Clustering". The Datasets.zip archive contains the ROSE, balibase, Gutell, and RNASim datasets used in our experiments. The Results.zip archive contains the outputs of running our methods against these datasets. Datasets used: ROSE: 10 simulated nucleotide model conditions from the SATe paper, each with 20 replicates, and with 1000 sequences per replicate. The ROSE datasets were originally taken from <a href="https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/sate-i">https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/sate-i</a> RNASim: This is a collection of simulated nucleotide datasets that were generated under a model of evolution that reflects selection due to RNA structural constraints. We sampled 20 subsets of 1000 sequences each, as well as 10 subsets of 10000 each, by randomly sampling from the original million-sequence RNASim dataset. Gutell: 16S.M, 16S.3, 16S.T, 16S.B.ALL: Four biological nucleotide datasets from the Comparative Ribosomal Website (CRW) with cleaned reference alignments from SATe. Since PASTA is restricted to datasets without sequence length heterogeneity, these were modified to remove sequences that deviate by more than 20% from the median length. The scrubbed datasets range from 740 to 24,246 sequences. The pre-screened 16S datasets were taken from <a href="https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/16s23s">https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/16s23s</a> BAliBASE: We use eight BAliBASE amino acid datasets used in the PASTA paper. As above, we remove outlier sequences, which leaves us with sizes ranging from 195 to 732 sequences. The pre-screened Balibase datasets were taken from <a href="https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/pastaupp">https://sites.google.com/eng.ucsd.edu/datasets/alignment/pastaupp</a>

The following files include specimen information, DNA sequence data, and additional information on the analyses used to reconstruct the phylogeny of the leafhopper genus Neoaliturus as described in the Methods section of the original paper: 1. Taxon_sampling.csv: contains data on the individual specimens from which DNA was extracted, including sample code, taxon name, collection data (locality, date and name of collector) and museum unique identifier. 2. Alignments.zip: a ZIP archive containing 432 separate FASTA files representing the aligned nucleotide sequences of individual gene loci used in the analysis. 3. Concatenated_Matrix.fa: is a FASTA file containing the concatenated individual gene alignments used for the maximum likelihood analysis in IQ-TREE. 4. Genes_and_Loci.rtf: identifies the individual genes and loci used in the analysis. The partition name is the same as the name of the individual alignment file in the zipped Alignments folder. 5. Partitions_best_scheme.nex: is a text file in the standard NEXUS format that indicates the names of the individual data partitions and their locations in the concatenated matrix, and also indicates the substitution model for each partition. 6. (New in this version 2) Scripts & Description.zip includes 8 custom shell or perl scripts used to assemble the DNA sequence data by perform reciprocal blast searches between the reference sequences and assemblies for each sample, extract the best sequences based on the blast searches, screen the hits for each locus and keep only the best result, and generate the nucleotide sequence dataset for the predicted orthologues (see the file description.txt for details). 7. (New in this version 2) Full_genetic_distances_matrix.csv shows the genetic distances between pairs of samples in the datset (proportion of nucleotides that differ between samples).

This dataset contains information about absorptive roots from 170 plots along a latitudinal and temperature gradient in northern Alaska, including tussock sedges and deciduous alder, birch, and willow shrubs. This dataset accompanies the paper "Impacts of Arctic Shrubs on Root Traits and Belowground Nutrient Cycles Across a Northern Alaskan Climate Gradient," which was published in Frontiers in Plant Sciences. <b>*Note:</b> in the "patch coordinates" tab, the same coordinates/elevation ("Long", "Lat", and "Elev (m)") apply to all patches that share a number. For ex: "Patch" W1, B1, and G1 share the same "Long", "Lat", and "Elev (m)" values as "Patch" A1.

Supplemental data sets for the Manuscript entitled "Contribution of fungal and invertebrate communities to mass loss and wood depolymerization in tropical terrestrial and aquatic habitats"

Data inputs, and scripts for the analysis detailed in Bradshaw et al, published in PlosONE 2020.

These data represent the raw data from the paper “Influence of light availability and water depth on competition between Phalaris arundinacea and herbaceous vines” published in Wetlands by Annie H. Huang and Jeffrey W. Matthews. The data are archived in one file: Huang&Matthews_mesocosm_data_archive. This file includes raw data collected during a greenhouse experiment described in the paper.

Data was generated from juvenile paddlefish acclimated to one of three different temperatures (13.0°C, 17.5°C, or 22.0°C) for two weeks. After which, fish were subjected to one of two experiments, one being simulated angling in which physiological parameters (stress hormones, lactate, glucose, ions, and oxygen transport parameters were evaluated in plasma or whole blood), the other experiment consisted of critical thermal maxima tests. Data set includes physiological parameters, water quality temperatures, and morphometric data generated from these experiments and fish.

Data from the 2025 publication in the Wilson Journal of Ornithology with the same name.