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Glucose and xylose are the major sugars present in cellulosic hydrolysates. The cellulosic sugars can be used for the production of platform chemicals. In this study, productions of lipid and ethanol by yeasts were compared for concentrated bioenergy sorghum syrup. Bioenergy sorghum was hydrothermally pretreated at 50% w/w solids in a continuous industrial reactor and sequentially mechanically refined using a burr mill to improve biomass accessibility for hydrolysis. Fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted with 50% w/v solids loading and cellulase cocktail (50 FPU/g biomass) to achieve 230 g/L sugar concentration. Various strains of Rhodosporidium toruloides were evaluated for converting sugars into lipids, and strain Y-6987 had the highest lipid titer (9.2 g/L). The lipid titer was improved to 19.0 g/L by implementing a two-stage culture scheme, where the first stage was optimized for yeast growth and the second for lipid production. For ethanol production, the engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae SR8ΔADH6 was used to coferment glucose and xylose. Ethanol fermentation was optimized for media nutrients (YP, YNB/urea, and urea), cellulosic sugar concentration, and sulfite conditioning to maximize the ethanol concentration from sorghum syrups. Fermentation of 70% v/v concentrated hydrolysate conditioned with sulfite produces 50.1 g/L ethanol from 141 g/L of sugars.

This dataset includes data on soil nitrous oxide fluxes, soil properties, and climate presented in the manuscript, "A conceptual model explaining spatial variation in soil nitrous oxide emissions in agricultural fields," published in Commucations Earth & Environment. Please refer to that publication for details about methodologies used to generate these data and for the experimental design.

Count histories from camera traps and remotely sensed covariate data used in N-mixture modeling to assess the site use intensity of raccoons in Illinois.

Data from manuscript Atomic-Scale Visualization of a Cascade of Magnetic Orders in the Layered Antiferromagnet GdTe3, to be published in npj Quantum Materials. Powerpoint file has details on how the data can be opened and how the data are labeled.

Includes two files (.csv) behind all analyses and results in the paper published with the same title. <b>1) 'sites.species.counts'</b> is the raw 2018-2022 data from Angella Moorehouse (Illinois Nature Preserves Commission) including her 456 identified pollinator species and her raw counts per site (there may be a few errors of identification or naming, and there will always be name changes over time). Headers in columns F through Q correspond to the remnant-site labels in Figure 1 and Table 1 of the paper. Columns R to AB are the “nonremnant” sites, which have not been uniquely labelled since the specific sites aren't referenced anywhere in the manuscript. <b>2) 'C.scores'</b> has the 265 species assigned empirical C values (empirical.C) along with the four sets of expert C values and their confidence ranks (low, medium, high), and the Illinois/Indiana conservation ranks (S-ranks), following the methods described in the paper. Other headers in these files: - taxa.code: four-letter abbreviation for genus and specific name - genus: genus name - species: specific epithet - common.name: English name - group: general pollinator taxa group - empirical.C: empirically estimated conservatism score - expert#.C: conservatism score assigned by each of four experts - expert#.conf: expert's confidence in their conservatism score Blank cells in the site-species abundance matrix indicates species absence (or non-detection) Blank cells in C.scores.csv indicates missing S-ranks and unassigned C-scores (with associated missing confidence ranks) where experts lacked knowledge or confidence

The dataset is for a study conducted to understand genome-wide association (GWA) and genomic prediction of biomass yield and 14 yield-components traits in Miscanthus sacchariflorus. We evaluated a diversity panel with 590 accessions of M. sacchariflorus grown across four years in one subtropical and three temperate locations and genotyped with 268,109 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

This study advances the production of potassium sorbate (KS) from triacetic acid lactone (TAL) utilizing food-grade solvents, ethanol (EtOH) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). We have previously demonstrated the route to produce KS from TAL in tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the main solvent, but the use of THF is associated with environmental and health risks especially for food applications. The process employs a catalytic approach in food-grade solvents and includes three main steps: hydrogenation, etherification and hydrolysis, and ring-opening hydrolysis to produce KS from TAL. In the synthesis of KS from TAL, the use of IPA leads to higher yields and reduced reaction times compared to EtOH. As a result, the overall reaction time in IPA was reduced to 35.7 h, compared to 42.1 h in our previous study using THF and EtOH, while achieving a comparable KS yield of 84% from TAL. The synthesized KS exhibits a trans-2, trans-4 geometrical configuration, identical to that of commercially available KS. Through techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment (LCA), we estimated full-scale production of KS from sugarcane with the developed process in IPA could achieve a minimum product selling price (MPSP) of $8.27 per kg with a range of $7.06–10.16 per kg [5th–95th percentiles from 6000 Monte Carlo simulations] and a carbon intensity (CI) of 13.7 [9.6–18.6] kg CO2-eq per kg. This study highlights the synthesis of KS from TAL using food-grade solvents, demonstrating improved economic viability and environmental sustainability compared to our previous research (MPSP of $9.68 per kg [$8.47–11.45 per kg] and CI of 16.2 [12.0–21.2] kg CO2-eq per kg), as the total required reaction decreases while achieving the comparable overall yield of KS from TAL.

This dataset contains all the data for the results section in the study presented in the paper entitled "Chemistry Across Multiple Phases (CAMP) version 1.0: An integrated multi-phase chemistry mode" submitted to Geoscientific Model Development (GMD). In this paper, two sets of simulations were run to test CAMP with this results included here. This consists of (1) box model inputs and outputs presented in Section 4.2 for modal, binned and particle-resolved simulations to compare the application of identical chemical mechanisms to different aerosol representations and (2) the 3D Eulerian output presented in Section 4.3.

Bioenergy sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a promising crop for contributing to the United States bioenergy supply. However, the varying limitations of the marginal lands targeted for its cultivation present a management challenge. This two-year study aimed to investigate how the limitations associated with marginal cropland impact the effects of nitrogen fertilization on the yield of bioenergy sorghum and the uptake of 11 macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B). The study contrasted prime cropland in central Illinois (Urbana) with three marginal cropland sites in southern (Ewing) and central Illinois (Fairbury and Pesotum). These marginal cropland sites are characterized by varying limitations, including low soil fertility (P and K limitations), leaching and erosion, and flooding, respectively. Four nitrogen rates (0, 56, 112, and 168 kg N ha−1) were tested under eight environments. The average yields and ranges of sorghum biomass were 20.2 (17.0–23.2) Mg ha−1 in Urbana, 18.1 (13.1–19.8) Mg ha−1 in Ewing, 13.8 (9.0–17.3) Mg ha−1 in Fairbury, and 23.3 (14.6–33.0) Mg ha−1 in Pesotum. Optimal N rates were 56 N in Pesotum and 112 N in Urbana, Ewing, and Fairbury. Tissue macronutrient contents in Urbana were generally higher than in the marginal croplands, while micronutrient contents did not show discernible trends. Increasing N rate generally correlated with the macronutrient removal except in Ewing. Comparable sorghum biomass yields were observed between prime and marginal croplands (averaging 18.3 Mg ha−1), but optimal N rates varied between 56 N and 112 N. This suggests that yield gaps can be narrowed by applying the optimal N rates for the respective locations. However, increased removals of macronutrients, especially P and K, with increasing yields indicate the need to revise fertilizer recommendations, particularly for soils deficient in these nutrients. Our study suggests that while sorghum production on marginal cropland is feasible, N management needs to be adapted to the unique limitations associated with various types of marginal cropland.

This study evaluates the bioethanol potential in response to irrigation (IR) and non-irrigation (NIR) of oilcane (OC) during a seasonal drought prior harvest. The juice was extracted through mechanical pressing of stems and fermented by Ethanol Red® yeast to produce first-generation bioethanol. Hydrothermal pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of bagasse was performed to produce monomeric sugars from structural carbohydrates. The hydrolysates were fermented with engineered yeast for second-generation bioethanol production. The irrigated oilcane juice (276.3 ± 8.9 g/L) constitutes higher sugar concentrations than non-irrigated oilcane juice (236.5 ± 2.2 g/L). The enzymatic hydrolysis of IR-OC and NIR-OC pretreated bagasse yielded similar concentrations of 247.5 ± 2.22 and 249.7 ± 4.98 g/L fermentable sugars. Industry-relevant bioethanol titers of ≥99 g/L and ≥75 g/L were achieved from juice and hydrolysates, respectively. Therefore, the non-irrigation regime did not impact the 1G and 2G bioethanol titers. However, the overall bioethanol yield can be lower due to the reduction of stem yield (8 %) per hectare.

In a set of field studies across four years, the effect of self-shading on photosynthetic performance in lower canopy sorghum leaves was studied at sites in Champaign County, IL. Photosynthetic parameters in upper and lower canopy leaves, carbon assimilation, electron transport, stomatal conductance, and activity of three C4-specific photosynthetic enzymes, were compared within a genetically diverse range of accessions varying widely in canopy architecture and thereby in the degree of self-shading. Accessions with erect leaves and high light transmission through the canopy are henceforth referred to as ‘erectophile’ and those with low leaf erectness, ‘planophile’. In the final year of the study, bundle sheath leakiness in erectophile and planophile accessions was also compared.

These data were used to make a predictive model of when ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata) are likely to be above ground and at risk from fire. The data were generated using shell temperatures, soil temperatures at 0.35 m deep from known overwintering sites, and the spring and fall soil temperature inversion dates during 2019–2022 to infer if 26 individual radio-tracked turtles were above or below ground at three sites in Illinois.

Rising global temperatures and urban heat island effects challenge environmental health and energy systems at the city level, particularly in summer. Increased heatwaves raise energy demand for cooling, stressing power facilities, increasing costs, and risking blackouts. Heat impacts vary across cities due to differences in urban morphology, geography, land use, and land cover, highlighting vulnerable areas needing targeted heat mitigation. Urban tree canopies, a nature-based solution, effectively mitigate heat. Trees provide shade and cooling through evaporation, improving thermal comfort, reducing air conditioning energy consumption, and enhancing climate resilience. This report focused on the ComEd service area in the Chicago Metropolitan Region and assessed the impacts of population growth, urbanization, climate change, and an ambitious plan to plant 1 million trees. The report evaluated planting 1 million trees to quantify regional cooling effects projected for the 2030s. Afforestation locations were selected to avoid interference with existing infrastructure. Key findings include (i) extreme hot hours (>95°F) will increase from 30 to 200 per year, adding 420 Cooling Degree Days (CCD) by the 2030s, (ii) greener areas can be up to 10°F cooler than less vegetated neighborhoods in summer, (iii) tree canopies can create localized cooling, reducing temperatures by 0.7°F and lowering annual CCD by 60 to 65, and (iv) afforestation can reduce the region’s temperature by 0.7°F, saving 400 to 1100 Megawatt hours of daily power usage during summer. <b>Note: The data is available upon request from <a href="mailto:dpiclimate@uilliois.edu">dpiclimate@uilliois.edu.

___________________________________SUMMARY This dataset contains derivative data from concurrent fMRI and scalp EEG recordings used in: Mostame Parham, Wirsich Jonathan, Alderson Thomas H, Ridley Ben, Giraud Anne-Lise, Carmichael David W, Vulliemoz Serge, Guye Maxime, Lemieux Louis, Sadaghiani Sepideh (2024) A multiplex of connectome trajectories enables several connectivity patterns in parallel eLife 13:RP98777. doi: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.98777.3 ___________________________________RAW DATA The data has been originally published and described as part of other studies (Morillon et al., 2010; Sadaghiani et al., 2012). Briefly, 10 minutes of eyes-closed resting state were analyzed from 26 healthy subjects (average age = 24.39 years; range: 18-31 years; 8 females) with no history of psychiatric or neurological disorders. Informed consent was given by each participant and the study was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee (CPP Ile de France III). FMRI was acquired using a 3T Siemens Tim Trio scanner with a GE-EPI pulse sequence (TR = 2 s; TE = 50 ms; 40 slices; 300 volumes; field of view: 192×192; voxel size: 3×3×3 mm3). Structural T1-weighted scan were acquired using the MPRAGE pulse sequence (176 slices; field of view: 256×256; voxel size: 1×1×1 mm3). 62-channel scalp EEG (Easycap, with an additional EOG and an ECG channel) was recorded using an MR-compatible amplifier (BrainAmp MR, Brain Products) at 5Hz sampling rate. ___________________________________PREPROCESSING fMRI and EEG data were preprocessed with standard preprocessing steps as explained in detail elsewhere (Wirsich et al., 2020). In brief, fMRI underwent standard slice-time correction, spatial realignment (SPM12, http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/spm12). Structural T1-weighted images were processed using Freesurfer (recon-all, v6.0.0, https://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/) in order to perform non-uniformity and intensity correction, skull stripping and gray/white matter segmentation. The cortex was parcellated into 68 regions of the Desikan-Kiliany atlas (Desikan et al., 2006). This atlas was chosen because —as an anatomical parcellation— avoids biases towards one or the other functional data modality. The T1 images of each subject and the Desikan-Killiany were co-registered to the fMRI images (FSL-FLIRT 6.0.2, https://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki). We extracted signals of no interest such as the average signals of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter from manually defined regions of interest (ROI, 5 mm sphere, Marsbar Toolbox 0.44, http://marsbar.sourceforge.net) and regressed out of the BOLD timeseries along with 6 rotation, translation motion parameters and global gray matter signal (Wirsich et al., 2017a). Then we bandpass-filtered the timeseries at 0.009–0.08 Hz. Average timeseries of each region was then used to calculate connectivity. EEG underwent gradient and cardio-ballistic artifact removal using Brain Vision Analyzer software (Allen et al., 1998, 2000) and was down-sampled to 250 Hz. EEG was projected into source space using the Tikhonov-regularized minimum norm in Brainstorm software (Baillet et al., 2001; Tadel et al., 2011). Source activity was then averaged to the 68 regions of the Desikan-Killiany atlas. Band-limited EEG signals in each canonical frequency band and every atlas region were then used to calculate frequency-specific connectome dynamics. Note that the MEG-ROI-nets toolbox in the OHBA Software Library (OSL; https://ohba-analysis.github.io/osl-docs/) was used to minimize source leakage in the band-limited source-localized EEG data (Colclough et al., 2015). ___________________________________FOLDER STRUCTURE The dataset includes five separate folders as described below: 1) EEGfMRI_dFC folder: connectome dynamics of scalp data This folder contains 26 single MATLAB (.mat) files for each subject. Inside each `.mat` is a structure with fields `A`, `B`, and `C`, corresponding to fMRI, amplitude-coupling, and phase-coupling connectome dynamics, respectively. The fMRI data are 3-dimensional (ROI × ROI × timepoints). The EEG data are stored in a 1×5 cell array (Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma), each cell containing a 3-D ROI × ROI × timepoints matrix. 2) EEGfMRI_dFC_SourceOrtho foldeR: connectome dynamics of source-orthogonalized scalp data Same format as above, except that EEG connectome dynamics are derived from source-orthogonalized signals. The MEG-ROI-nets toolbox in the OHBA Software Library (OSL; https://ohba-analysis.github.io/osl-docs/) was used to minimize source leakage in the band-limited, source-localized EEG data (Colclough et al., 2015). 3-5) Cross-modal Recurrence Plot (CRP) data Each subject has an Excel file with five sheets (Delta through Gamma), corresponding to the five frequency bands. Each sheet contains a 2-D CRP matrix (rows = fMRI timepoints, columns = band-limited EEG timepoints). - Scalp EEG–fMRI CRPs (CRP_EEGfMRI and CRP_EEGfMRI_SourceOrtho folder): two versions (with and without source-orthogonalization), each has 52 Excel files, including amplitude- and phase-coupling CRPs. - Intracranial EEG–fMRI CRPs (CRP_iEEGfMRI folder): one version, 27 Excel files, containing three cases: amplitude coupling, HRF-convolved amplitude coupling, and phase coupling.

This data set contains data used for “Improved Net Carbon Budgets in the US Midwest through Direct Measured Impacts of Enhanced Weathering.” Data include biomass, soil bulk densities, soil respiration measurements, soil lanthanide element analysis, plant tissue analysis for major cations, and eddy covariance fluxes.

A novel process applying high solids loading in chemical-free pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was developed to produce sugars from bioenergy sorghum. Hydrothermal pretreatment with 50% solids loading was performed in a pilot scale continuous reactor followed by disc refining. Sugars were extracted from the enzymatic hydrolysis at 10% to 50% solids content using fed-batch operations. Three surfactants (Tween 80, PEG 4000, and PEG 6000) were evaluated to increase sugar yields. Hydrolysis using 2% PEG 4000 had the highest sugar yields. Glucose concentrations of 105, 130, and 147 g/L were obtained from the reaction at 30%, 40%, and 50% solids content, respectively. The maximum sugar concentration of the hydrolysate, including glucose and xylose, obtained was 232 g/L. Additionally, the glucose recovery (73.14%) was increased compared to that of the batch reaction (52.74%) by using two-stage enzymatic hydrolysis combined with fed-batch operation at 50% w/v solids content.

This data set is related to a SoyFACE experiment conducted in 2004, 2006, 2007, and 2008 with the soybean cultivars Loda and HS93-4118. The experiment looked at how seed elements were affected by elevated CO2 and yield. In this V2, 2 new files were added per journal requirement. Total there are 5 data files in text format within the digrado_et_al_gcb_data_V2 and 1 readme file. The name of files are listed below. Details about headers are explained in the readme.txt file. <b>1. ionomic_data.txt file</b> contains the ionomic data (mg/kg) for the two cultivars. The file contains all six technical replicates for each plot. The cultivar, year, treatment, and the plot from which the samples were collected are given for each entry. <b>2. yield_data.txt file</b> contains the yield data for the two cultivars (seed yield in kg/ha, seed yield in bu/a, Protein (%), Oil (%)). The file contains yield data for every plot. The cultivar, year, treatment, and the plot from which the samples were collected are given for each entry. <b>3. mineral_pro_oil_yield.txt file</b> contains the yield per hectare for each mineral (g/ha) along with the yield per hectare for protein and oil (t/ha). This was obtained by multiplying the seed content of each element (minerals, protein, and oil) by the total seed yield. The file contains yield data for every plots. The cultivar, year, treatment, and the plot from which the samples were collected are given for each entry. <b>4. economic_assessment.txt file</b> contains data used to assess the financial impact of altered seed oil content on soybean oil production. <b>5. meteorological_data.txt file</b> contains the meteorological data recorded by a weather station located ~ 3km from the experimental site (Willard Airport Champaign). Data covering the period between May 28 and September 24 were used for 2004; between May 25 and September 24 were used in 2006; between May 23 and September 17 in 2007; and between June 16 and October 24 in 2008.

In this study, the economics of producing biofuels from an industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) genotype – 19m96136 was investigated. A lignocellulosic biofuel plant, hourly consuming 85 metric tons of hemp biomass was modeled in SuperPro Designer®. The integrated bioenergy plant produced hemp biodiesel and bioethanol from lipids and carbohydrates, respectively. The structural composition of the industrial hemp plant was analyzed in a previous study. The data obtained was used to simulate feedstock composition in SuperPro Designer®. The simulation results indicated that Hemp containing 2% lipids can yield up to 3.95 million gallons of biodiesel annually. On improving biomass lipid content to 5 and 10%, biodiesel production increased to 9.88 and 19.91 million gallons, respectively. The breakeven unit production cost of hemp biodiesel with 2, 5, and 10% lipid containing hemp was $18.49, $7.87, and $4.13/gallon, respectively. The biodiesel unit production cost when utilizing 10% lipid-containing hemp was comparable to soybean biodiesel at $4.13/gallon. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis revealed the possibility of a 7.80% reduction in unit production cost upon a 10% reduction in hemp feedstock cost. Furthermore, industrial hemp was capable of producing between 307.80 and 325.82 gallons of total biofuels per hectare of agricultural land than soybean.

The included files are the alignments of DNA or amino acid sequences used for phylogenetic analyses of Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera) in the manuscript by Bin et al. submitted to the journal “Systematic Entomology.” The files are plain text in either FASTA (.fa or .fas suffix) or PHYLIP (.phy suffix) format. Matrix0 is the set of all loci after multiple sequence alignment and trimming (hereafter called). Matrix1 consists of loci having 75% average bootstrap support and 80% taxon completeness (hereafter called Matrix1). Matrix2 consists of loci having 75% average bootstrap support and 95% completeness. Matrix2_nt12 is the same as Matrix2 but with third codon positions excluded. More details on how the datasets were compiled is provided in the Methods section of the manuscript file, also included as a PDF. Supplemental figures for the submitted manuscript are also provided as a PDF for additional information.

This is the experimental data of isolated nanomagnet islands with or without the presence of large nanomagnet islands. The small islands are made of Permalloy materials with size of 170 nm by 470 nm by 2.5 nm. The systems are measured at a temperature where the small islands are fluctuating around room temperature. The data is recorded as photoemission electron microscopy intensity. More details about the data can be found in the note.txt and Spe_2016.xlsx file. Note: The raw data folders are stored in five volumes during the compression. All five volumes are needed in order to recover the original folder.

In 2020, early-season extreme precipitation events occurred following the planting of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Zea mays L. in central Illinois that caused ponding. Following the first rainfall event 50m transects were established to assess the waterlogging effects on seedling emergence and crop yields. Soil moisture, emergence, stem and tiller count, LAI, and yield were measured at various points in the season along these transects.

Title: Airyscan confocal superresolution images of extant Malvaceae pollen with a focus on Bombacoideae Authors: Surangi W. Punyasena, Ingrid Romero, Michael A. Urban Subject: Biological sciences Keywords: Malvaceae; superresolution microscopy; Zeiss; Bombacacidites; Neotropics; CZI Funder: NSF-DBI Advances in Bioinformatics (NSF-DBI-1262561) Corresponding Creator: Surangi W. Punyasena This dataset includes a total of 430 images of extant specimens of the Malvaceae, with a focus on species that are or have been included within the subfamily Bombacoideae. There are 27 genera included within 26 folders. Each folder is named by genus and contains all the images that correspond to that genus. Note that the genus _Matisia_ is included with _Quararibea_ as detailed in the metadata READ ME file. The specimens imaged are from the palynological collections of the Swedish Museum of Natural History and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and herbarium specimens from the Smithsonian Herbarium National Museum. The optical superresolution microscopy images were taken using a Zeiss LSM 880 with Airyscan at 630X magnification (63x/NA 1.4 oil DIC). The images are in the original CZI file format. They can be opened using Zeiss propriety software (Zen, Zen lite) or in ImageJ/FIJI. More information on how to open CZI files can be found here: [https://www.zeiss.com/microscopy/en/products/software/zeiss-zen/czi-image-file-format.html] Image metadata and file organization are described in the CSV file "METADATA_Malvaceae_Bombacoideae_modern-species.csv". The column headings are: Folder The folder in which the image file is found Subfamily The current subfamily determination based on the literature. Note that _Pentaplaris_ and _Septotheca_ have not been assigned a subfamily. Genus Genus name Species Species name Accepted name Accepted species name, updated from the literature Slide name Species name as denoted on the herbarium slide Collection Source of the herbarium slide: Sweden National Museum of Natural History or the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute File name File name using the species name denoted on the herbarium slide Slide ID/Herbarium ID Specimen collection number Please cite this dataset as: Punyasena, Surangi W.; Romero, Ingrid; Urban, Michael A. (2025): Airyscan confocal superresolution images of extant Malvaceae pollen with a focus on Bombacoideae. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. https://doi.org/10.13012/B2IDB-2968712_V1

A small and efficient DNA mutation-inducing machine was constructed with an array of microplasma jet devices (7 × 1) that can be operated at atmospheric pressure for microbial mutagenesis. Using this machine, we report disruption of a plasmid DNA and generation of mutants of an oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. Specifically, a compact-sized microplasma channel (25 × 20 × 2 mm3) capable of generating an electron density of greater than 1013 cm–3 was constructed to produce reactive species (N2*, N2+, O, OH, and Hα) under helium atmospheric conditions to induce DNA mutagenesis. The length of microplasma channels in the device played a critical role in augmenting both the volume of plasma and the concentration of reactive species. First, we confirmed that microplasma treatment can linearize a plasmid by creating nicks in vitro. Second, we treated R. toruloides cells with a jet device containing 7 microchannels for 5 min; 94.8% of the treated cells were killed, and 0.44% of surviving cells showed different colony colors as compared to their parental colony. Microplasma-based DNA mutation is energy-efficient and can be a safe alternative for inducing mutations compared to conventional methods using toxic mutagens. This compact and scalable device is amenable for industrial strain improvement involving large-scale mutagenesis.

This dataset contains the results of a three month audit of housing advertisements. It accompanies the 2020 ICWSM paper "Auditing Race and Gender Discrimination in Online Housing Markets". It covers data collected between Dec 7, 2018 and March 19, 2019. There are two json files in the dataset: The first contains a list of json objects representing advertisements separated by newlines. Each object includes the date and time it was collected, the image and title (if collected) of the ad, the page on which it was displayed, and the training treatment it received. The second file is a list of json objects representing a visit to a housing lister separated by newlines. Each object contains the url, training treatment applied, the location searched, and the metadata of the top sites scraped. This metadata includes location, price, and number of rooms. The dataset also includes the raw images of ads collected in order to code them by interest and targeting. These were captured by selenium and named using a perceptive hash to de-duplicate images.

Development of sustainable and scalable technologies to convert lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels is critical to achieving carbon neutrality. The potential of transgenic bioenergy crops as a renewable source of sugars and lipids has been demonstrated at bench-scale. However, scaling up these processes is important for holistic analysis. Here proof-of-concept for chemical-free hydrothermal pretreatment of transgenic energycane-oilcane line L13 at an industrially relevant scale to recover vegetative lipids along with cellulosic sugars is presented. Pilot-scale processing of 97 kg of transgenic energycane-oilcane L13 stems and high solids pretreatment of bagasse enhanced the recovery of cellulosic glucose and xylose by 5-fold as compared to untreated bagasse and helped in the enrichment of vegetative lipids in the biomass residues which allowed its recovery at the end of the bioprocess. Palmitic and oleic acids were the predominant fatty acids (FAs) extracted from stems and leaves. The processing did not affect lipid composition. The efficiency of lipid recovery from untreated biomass was 75.9% which improved to 88.7% upon pretreatment. The vegetative tissues of transgenic energycane-oilcane L13 contained 0.42 metric tons/hectare of lipids. Processing vegetative tissues yielded 0.38 metric tons/hectare of lipids. This approaches an oil yield similar to soybean (global average 0.44 metric tons/hectare) and is almost twice as high as the oil yield from sugarcane engineered to hyperaccumulate lipids (0.20 metric tons/hectare). The study suggests that further optimization by state-of-the-art metabolic engineering and biomass processing can establish transgenic bioenergy crops for commercial drop-in fuel production.